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The Party System

Power, Primaries, Platforms, and the Parties Beyond the Big Two

A WARNING FROM WASHINGTON

The Perils Of Partisanship

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"However [political parties] may now and then answer popular ends, they are likely in the course of time and things, to become potent engines, by which cunning, ambitious, and unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert the power of the people and to usurp for themselves the reins of government...
The alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge, natural to party dissension... is itself a frightful despotism."

— President George Washington, Farewell Address (1796)

Image by Jake Leonard

The Early Warning
From the nation's earliest days, leaders worried about the dangers of faction. In his 1796 Farewell Address, George Washington cautioned against the "spirit of party," and John Adams feared the republic dividing into two great factions that would each put loyalty to itself above the common good. James Madison, in Federalist No. 10, took a slightly different view: factions were inevitable, and the real task was to keep any single one from dominating. Their warnings and their realism both still speak to us today.
 

The Legacy System
For more than 150 years, two major parties have organized American political life. That system has produced real achievements, from landmark civil-rights laws to the peaceful transfer of power, and both parties are home to millions of people of genuine conviction. But it carries costs, too. When debate hardens into team loyalty, hard problems can go unsolved, and voters who don't fit neatly into either camp can feel like no one is speaking for them.
 

The Independent Path
Today, independents have become the largest group of American voters, not because we reject everything either party stands for, but because we want leaders who put solving problems ahead of winning the next fight. What unites us isn't a single platform; it's a willingness to judge ideas on their merits rather than their label, and to focus on the things that keep us up at night: the rising cost of living, the safety of our communities, and an American Dream that feels harder to reach.

A WARNING FROM ADAMS

The Founders' Greatest Fear

president johnn adams_edited.png
"There is nothing which I dread so much as a division of the republic into two great parties, each arranged under its leader, and concerting measures in opposition to each other. This, in my humble apprehension, is to be dreaded as the greatest political evil under our Constitution."

— President John Adams (1780)

FEDERAL & STATE

The Balance of Power, 2026

U.S. voter registration · 2026

Where America's Independents Live

PRIMARY ELECTIONS

Independents Are Often Locked Out of the Primaries

Independents are the largest bloc of voters in America, yet in many states they're shut out of the party primaries.
Every Independent voter can participate in the November general election in all 50 states, with no party registration required. Closed primaries do not affect that.
This map is only about primaries, the elections where each party chooses its nominee before the general election.

THE BOTTOM LINE

Read the Platform Predict the Vote

Image by Nils Huenerfuerst

More Reliable Than a Campaign Promise

 

Here's where the major parties stand, and why it matters more than any campaign speech. Since World War II, Congressional Quarterly has tracked "party unity" votes: the ones where the two parties split. Members used to break ranks often. Today they vote with their own party on roughly 90% of them. So whatever a candidate promises on the trail, their party's platform is the best predictor of how they'll vote once in office.

How This Grid is Built

 

Columns run with the two major parties first, then the third parties, each group listed alphabetically, so the order follows a neutral rule rather than our judgment. Every cell is filled from the party's official platform and dated to its source, so each position is traceable. We summarize positions in neutral language and link to the original document. We don't characterize or editorialize. Platforms are rewritten roughly every four years, so each is current as of its convention year until the party adopts a new one. Found something out of date? Tell us. Accuracy is the whole point.

Disclaimer

 

Summaries are based on the official 2024 platforms and any later updates. A platform is a statement of a party's principles, not a binding contract, so it won't predict every single vote.

Compare the PartY PLATFORMS

4 parties x 40 Issues Across 8 Categories

The Rest of the Field

The Other Parties on Your Ballot

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